Republicans Don’t Understand that the Blockade of Cuba has Kept the Castros in Power

By Eric Margolis

President Barack Obama announced this week that the United States will reopen diplomatic relations with Cuba, thawing half a century of cold – and sometimes hot – war.

The first time I visited Cuba was in the almost unbelievably remote years before “el Maximo Leader,” Fidel Castro. My parents and I went most evenings to the legendary “Floridita” Bar for daiquiri cocktails with a burly, bearded writer and his lady companion, Pilar.
I still have his book, “A Farewell to Arms,” autographed, “to Eric, from his friend Ernest Hemingway, Havana 1953.”

Over the ensuing six decades, I’ve made numerous trips to Cuba as a journalist and film maker. Old Havana is a century older than my native New York City, and bursting with life and charm. I’ve always regarded Cubans as the aristocrats of the West Indies and their lovely island as its premier destination.

Hardly anyone remembers why the US imposed a punishing blockade on Cuba – tantamount to an act of war. Fidel Castro proclaimed himself a simple agrarian reformer (as did Mao) but later revealed that he and his allies were ardent anti-American Communists. This was an era when Uncle Sam dominated Latin America and “guided” its autocratic regimes, including Cuba’s sleazy Batista government.

In the 1950’s, US business interests owned much of Cuba’s economy and land. Castro nationalized these assets without compensation. Washington at once set about trying to overthrow his upstart regime. The mighty, post-war US was in no mood to brook defiance from a nation of only 11 million people.

Ever since, the US has tried to assassinate Castro and overthrow his government. Cuba claims over 200 plots on Castro’s life, including some involving American gangsters. All failed, leaving the US look like a ham-handed bully.

The boldest effort to overthrow the Havana government came in 1962 when the Kennedy Administration mounted a full-scale invasion by Cuban exiles. Kennedy, author of “Profiles in Courage,” got cold feet on the last minute and called off essential air cover, leaving the invaders to be massacred.

Kennedy’s fiasco at the Bay of Pigs led directly to a reckless attempt by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev to implant nuclear-armed SS-4 missiles in Cuba pointed at the US. A US naval blockade and plans to invade Cuba ensued. I remember this crisis vividly because I was living in Washington DC – ground zero.

The 1962 crisis ended by a secret deal between the US and Soviet Union in which Russian missiles were withdrawn from Cuba in exchange for US missiles being pulled out of Turkey and Italy – and a US agreement not to invade Cuba. The whole business was billed by the US media as a triumph for Kennedy. In reality, it saved Fidel Castro.

But Castro was no saintly agrarian reformer, as his many supporters around the world believed. KGB sources claim that during the 1962 crisis, Castro begged Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev to fire nuclear-tipped missiles at the US mainland. The Kremlin refused. But Castro

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